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ersely affect other systems in the car. As a result, instead of a short service and low cost of such delays can cause the car will require a complete overhaul. Of course, this involves an increase of expenditure on spare parts, bu

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When the car appears even a minor fault, not worth it lightly. Certainly not repair itself, and with the passage of time may adversely affect other systems in the car. As a result, instead of a short service and low cost of such delays can cause the car will require a complete overhaul. Of course, this involves an increase of expenditure on spare parts, but also negatively affects our security. If our car requires thorough maintenance is necessary to bring him to a mechanic with extensive experience, who enjoys a good reputation among satisfied customers. Such a professional will be able to find the best solution and will restore the car to its former efficiency.


Production of motor oils

Production of motor oils takes place in a massive and mechanized. Manufacturers of motor oils are companies engaged in the production of various unusual substance or substances used typically in cars. Service production takes a lot of people, from those responsible for creating plans for the composition of specific oils the person responsible for their blending and bottling to packaging. Pouring motor oil packaging is done using specialized equipment operated by skilled workers. It must be resistant to corrosive chemicals and high temperatures. Thanks to the efficiency of production is maintained, while the safety of workers.


Oil is largely composed

Most motor oils are made from a heavier, thicker petroleum hydrocarbon base stock derived from crude oil, with additives to improve certain properties. The bulk of a typical motor oil consists of hydrocarbons with between 18 and 34 carbon atoms per molecule.7 One of the most important properties of motor oil in maintaining a lubricating film between moving parts is its viscosity. The viscosity of a liquid can be thought of as its "thickness" or a measure of its resistance to flow. The viscosity must be high enough to maintain a lubricating film, but low enough that the oil can flow around the engine parts under all conditions. The viscosity index is a measure of how much the oil's viscosity changes as temperature changes. A higher viscosity index indicates the viscosity changes less with temperature than a lower viscosity index.

Motor oil must be able to flow adequately at the lowest temperature it is expected to experience in order to minimize metal to metal contact between moving parts upon starting up the engine. The pour point defined first this property of motor oil, as defined by ASTM D97 as "... an index of the lowest temperature of its utility ..." for a given application,8 but the "cold cranking simulator" (CCS, see ASTM D5293-08) and "Mini-Rotary Viscometer" (MRV, see ASTM D3829-02(2007), ASTM D4684-08) are today the properties required in motor oil specs and define the SAE classifications.

Oil is largely composed of hydrocarbons which can burn if ignited. Still another important property of motor oil is its flash point, the lowest temperature at which the oil gives off vapors which can ignite. It is dangerous for the oil in a motor to ignite and burn, so a high flash point is desirable. At a petroleum refinery, fractional distillation separates a motor oil fraction from other crude oil fractions, removing the more volatile components, and therefore increasing the oil's flash point (reducing its tendency to burn).

Another manipulated property of motor oil is its Total base number (TBN), which is a measurement of the reserve alkalinity of an oil, meaning its ability to neutralize acids. The resulting quantity is determined as mg KOH/ (gram of lubricant). Analogously, Total acid number (TAN) is the measure of a lubricant's acidity. Other tests include zinc, phosphorus, or sulfur content, and testing for excessive foaming.

The NOACK volatility (ASTM D-5800) Test determines the physical evaporation loss of lubricants in high temperature service. A maximum of 14% evaporation loss is allowable to meet API SL and ILSAC GF-3 specifications. Some automotive OEM oil specifications require lower than 10%.

Źródło: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_oil